What Is the Bid-Ask Spread?
When trading 90% silver, you encounter two prices: the ask (what dealers charge when you buy) and the bid (what they pay when they buy from you). The difference, known as the bid-ask spread, represents the transaction cost. Understanding bid-ask spreads is fundamental to any trading market.
Understanding spreads is essential for evaluating the true cost of silver ownership. A 90% silver bag purchased at 4% over melt and sold at 2% below melt requires 6% silver appreciation just to break even.
90% silver bags typically have spreads of 3-6%, competitive with or better than many bullion products. Understanding market structure helps contextualize these spreads; the CME Group silver futures market provides institutional pricing benchmarks.
Factors Affecting 90% Silver Spreads
Market conditions dramatically impact spreads. During volatility or supply stress, spreads widen as dealers protect against rapid price movements. Calm, stable markets produce the tightest spreads.
Dealer business models affect spreads. High-volume dealers may offer tighter spreads than smaller operations. Online dealers often compete aggressively on spreads.
Transaction size matters. Larger purchases (full bags vs. small lots) typically command better pricing on both buy and sell sides.
Spread Comparison by Denomination
Spreads are generally similar across 90% silver denominations. The primary factors affecting spreads are the dealer, market conditions, and transaction size rather than whether you're trading dimes, quarters, or halves.
Some dealers may quote slightly different premiums/discounts for different denominations based on their inventory needs, but differences are typically modest.
Calculating Your Break-Even
Before purchasing, calculate the price appreciation required to break even after accounting for the full spread. If you pay 4% over melt and expect to receive 2% below melt when selling, you need 6% appreciation to break even.
For a 90% silver bag at ~$59,450, that 6% break-even represents roughly $1,200-$1,500 in silver price movement. This is achievable over reasonable holding periods given silver's typical volatility.
This calculation helps set realistic expectations about your investment timeline and required price appreciation.
Strategies to Minimize Spread Impact
Building dealer relationships can improve spread economics. Regular customers often receive better pricing.
Timing matters. During market stress, wait if possible, as spreads typically return to normal levels once volatility subsides. For routine transactions, shop multiple dealers to identify competitive spreads. For pricing benchmarks, see historical 90% silver pricing data.